The Medieval Papacy

After Gregory the Great the Papacy plunged to a moral, political and religious nadir. But a reformist movement radiating from Cluny eventually lifted the Papacy back to a position of strength and leadership. Challenging the Emperor, directing Crusades and reforming the Church, the Popes reached a new but brief pinnacle of power under Innocent III. A lecture by Dr.

William Neidinger.